Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and correlation with adverse effects and coinfections in people living with HIV/AIDS in the municipality of Goiás State.

INTRODUCTION: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is an advanced stage of a human immunodeficiency virus infection. The antiretroviral therapy aims to improve the life quality of HIV patients and a good adherence is essential for a better prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the adherence of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients to antiretroviral therapy recommended by the Brazilian health system in Anápolis/Goiás, and correlate the level of adherence with sociodemographic data and clinical-laboratory variables. METHODS: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy was assessed using the Questionnaire for Evaluation of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy. The sociodemographic data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and the clinical-laboratory records were reviewed. RESULTS: Among 220 patients included, 59% (129/220) were men and the average age was 41 years. Infection was acquired primarily through sexual contact (92%, 202/220), and 69% (152/220) of the patients were heterosexual. Approximately 86% (188/220) of the patients had good or strict adherence to antiretroviral therapy. In our study, the use of illicit drugs was associated with low adherence to antiretroviral therapy (p=0.0004), and no significant association was observed between adherence levels and other sociodemographic data (p>0.05). The logistic regression indicated that adverse effects (p=0.0018) and sexual orientation (p=0.0152) were associated with the level of adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Patients with good or strict adherence had higher CD4+T lymphocyte count (p<0.0001) and undetectable viral load (p<0.0001). Patients with low adherence (14%, 32/220) had higher frequency of adverse events (p=0.0009). The frequency of coinfections was 25% (55/220), with syphilis and tuberculosis being the most common coinfections. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence was related to use of illicit drugs, adverse effects, and sexual orientation.

Adherence to antiretroviral therapy and correlation with adverse effects and coinfections in people living with HIV/AIDS in the municipality of Goiás State

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is an advanced stage of a human immunodeficiency virus infection. The antiretroviral therapy aims to improve the life quality of HIV patients and a good adherence is essential for a better prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the adherence of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients to antiretroviral therapy recommended by the Brazilian health system in Anápolis/Goiás, and correlate the level of adherence with sociodemographic data and clinical-laboratory variables. METHODS Adherence to antiretroviral therapy was assessed using the Questionnaire for Evaluation of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy. The sociodemographic data were collected using a standardized questionnaire and the clinical-laboratory records were reviewed. RESULTS: Among 220 patients included, 59% (129/220) were men and the average age was 41 years. Infection was acquired primarily through sexual contact (92%, 202/220), and 69% (152/220) of the patients were heterosexual. Approximately 86% (188/220) of the patients had good or strict adherence to antiretroviral therapy. In our study, the use of illicit drugs was associated with low adherence to antiretroviral therapy (p=0.0004), and no significant association was observed between adherence levels and other sociodemographic data (p>0.05). The logistic regression indicated that adverse effects (p=0.0018) and sexual orientation (p=0.0152) were associated with the level of adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Patients with good or strict adherence had higher CD4+T lymphocyte count (p<0.0001) and undetectable viral load (p<0.0001). Patients with low adherence (14%, 32/220) had higher frequency of adverse events (p=0.0009). The frequency of coinfections was 25% (55/220), with syphilis and tuberculosis being the most common coinfections. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence was related to use of illicit drugs, adverse effects, and sexual orientation.

Patógenos e complicações associadas a infecções do trato urinário no período gestacional / Pathogens and complications associated with urinary tract infections in the gestational period

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi realizar um levantamento de documentos na literatura científica, identificando os principais sintomas e complicações da ITU no período gestacional bem como analisar as classes microbiológicas envolvidas. Fontes de dados: Análise de artigos publicados na literatura nacional e internacional indexados no PubMed e Scielo. Seleção dos estudos: Foram analisados 30 artigos, entre os anos de 2007 a 2017. Os critérios de inclusão: artigos completos disponíveis online, em português ou inglês, que abordassem o tema. Os critérios de exclusão: artigos incompletos, dissertações ou teses sem a publicação do artigo, livros e apostilas. Coleta de dados: Após a leitura de 30 artigos, 15 foram selecionados para o estudo, sendo 80% de estudo transversal, 13,3% de estudo retrospectivo e 6,6%, revisão de literatura. Síntese de dados: Dos artigos analisados, bacteriúria assintomática foi a infecção mais relatada; em seguida, pielonefrite e cistite. A sintomatologia foi variada, a presença de disúria, urgência miccional e polaciúria foram os sintomas relatados na maioria dos estudos. As complicações observadas: parto prematuro, baixo peso do recém-nascido e complicações infecciosas pós-parto. O microrganismo mais prevalente nos estudos foi Escherichia coli com, aproximadamente, 85% dos casos. Conclusões: Este trabalho evidenciou elevada importância do tema pela grande incidência na população de estudo e os riscos gerados à saúde da mulher e do feto.(AU)

Objective: The goal of the study was to carry out a survey of scientific literature documents, identifying both the main symptoms and complications of ITU during the gestation period and analyze microbiological classes involved. Data Source: Analysis of articles published on national literature and international literature indexed on (PubMed and Scielo). Studies Selection: 30 articles were analyzed, between 2007 and 2017. The inclusion criteria were: Complete articles available online, in Portuguese or English that approached the theme. The exclusion criteria were: incomplete articles, dissertations or theses without the publication of the article, books and workbooks. Data Gathering: After reading the 30 articles, 15 were selected for the study, 80% in cross-section study, 13,3% in being retrospective study and 6,6% being literature reviews. Data Summary: From the analyzed articles, asymptomatic bacteriuria was the most reported infection being followed by pyelonephritis and cystitis. The symptomatology was diverse, presented by dysuria, mictional urgency and polaciuria were the symptomns reported in most articles. The complications observed were premature delivery, low weight from the newborn and postpartum infectious complications. The most prevailing in the studies microorganism was Escherichia coli, with approximately 85% of the cases. Conclusion: This work highlighted the high importance of the theme, by its great occurrence among the population from the state and the risks caused to the unborn baby and woman's health.(AU)